16- Microorganism - PTE - Reading - Fill in the blanks (Drag Drop) - GrowSkills

16- Microorganism - PTE - Reading - Fill in the blanks (Drag Drop) - GrowSkills - PTESkills.net - Engleze.com

16- Microorganism الكائنات الحية الدقيقة

Although for centuries preparations derived from living __________ were applied to wounds to destroy ___________ , the fact that a microorganism is ____________ of destroying one of another species was not ___________ until the latter half of the 19th century. When Pasteur noted the antagonistic effect of other bacteria on the anthrax organism and pointed out that this action might be put to __________ use.

* Choose the correct answer: 

convinced - capable - infection - material - therapeutic - established - contamination - matter

* Answers with Grammar Explanation 

1- matter : موضوع / مسأله ✅
- The blank space must be filled with "matter" because the context of the sentence is talking about materials, specifically 'preparations' used to treat wounds. The word "matter" (referring to a substance مادة) aligns with this context.

-The other options: "convinced"مقتنع, "capable"قادر, "infection"عدوى, "material", "therapeutic"علاجي, "established", and "contamination"تلوث اشعاعى either do not fit grammatically or semantically in the sentence. For instance, "infection" and "contamination" are what the 'preparations' aim to destroy, not what they are derived from. "Convinced" and "capable" are adjectives that are not suitable to describe 'preparations'. "Established" and "therapeutic" are not used because they are referring to a status or quality, not a substance.

2- infection عدوى: ✅

- The blank needs to be filled with "infection" because the context of the sentence is discussing the application of substances to wounds in order to destroy something. The only word from the options that suits this context is "infection".

- "Infection" refers to the invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, causing harmful effects.

- Other bacteria are noted to have an antagonistic effect on the anthrax organism, which means the bacteria can counteract or destroy the anthrax organism. This "destruction" is conventionally viewed as fighting off an infection. The other words ("convinced", "capable", "material", "therapeutic", "established", "contamination", "matter") do not logically fit this context.

3- capable : قادر ✅

The blank space needs to be filled with "capable" because the sentence is discussing the ability of one microorganism to destroy another of a different species. The word "capable" expresses the potential or ability to carry out a certain action and fits grammatically and semantically in the context.

- "Capable" means having the ability or capacity to perform a particular action, highlighting the organism's ability to destroy another species.

- The other words do not convey this meaning and therefore are not appropriate to fill the blank.

4- established : مؤسس ✅

The word "established" is the most appropriate to fill the blank in the sentence as it refers to the idea of confirming or validating a concept or fact. It fits the context of the sentence because the sentence is saying that something was not known (or confirmed/"established") until the latter half of the 19th century.

-"Established" means proven or recognized as true, indicating that the fact about microorganisms destroying each other was not widely known until the latter half of the 19th century.

- The other words like "convinced", "capable", "infection", "material", "therapeutic", "contamination", or "matter" wouldn’t make sense in the sentence because they don’t fit grammatically or semantically in the context of something that was not known or proven before a certain time.

5- therapeutic : علاجي ✅

The blank space must be filled with "therapeutic" to complete the meaning of the sentence. The specific context talks about the potential benefits of one microorganism destroying another, and this idea is linked with a possible use in medicine or healing, which is signified by the term "therapeutic".

- "Therapeutic" relates to the treatment or healing of diseases or disorders, suggesting that the antagonistic effect of bacteria could be utilized for therapeutic purposes.

- The other suggested words would not fit or make sense in this context.

الترجمة الكامله للنص 

Transcript:

Although

for

centuries

preparations

derived

from

living

matter

were

applied

to

wounds

to

destroy

infection

,

the

fact

that

a

microorganism

is

capable

of

destroying

one

of

another

species

was

not

established

until

the

latter

half

of

the

19th

century.

على الرغم من أنه تم تطبيق الاستعدادات المشتقة من المادة الحية على الجروح لتدمير العدوى لعدة قرون، إلا أن حقيقة أن الكائنات الحية الدقيقة قادرة على تدمير أحد الأنواع الأخرى لم يتم إثباتها حتى النصف الأخير من القرن التاسع عشر.

When

Pasteur

noted

the

antagonistic

effect

of

other

bacteria

on

the

anthrax

organism

and

pointed

out

that

this

action

might

be

put

to

therapeutic

use.

عندما لاحظ باستور التأثير العدائي للبكتيريا الأخرى على كائن الجمرة الخبيثة وأشار إلى أن هذا الإجراء يمكن تطبيقه للاستخدام العلاجي.

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