9- Cloth-making - PTE - Reading - Fill in the blanks ( Drop menu )

9- Cloth-making - PTE - Reading - Fill in the blanks ( Drop menu ) - GrowSkills.co.uk - PTESkills.net 

 9- Cloth-making Text 
About 10,000 years ago, people learned how to make cloth. Wool, cotton, flax, or hemp was first spun into a thin thread using a spindle. The thread was then woven into a fabric. The earliest weaving machines __________ consisted of little more than a pair of sticks that held a set of parallel threads, called the warp, while the cross-thread, called the weft, was inserted. Later machines called looms had rods that separated the threads to allow the weft to be inserted more ___________ . A piece of wood, called the shuttle, holding a spool of thread, was passed between the separated threads. The basic ___________ of spinning and weaving have stayed the same until the present day, though during the industrial revolution of the 18th century many ways were found of ___________ the processes. With new machines such as the spinning mule, many threads could be spun at the same time, and, with the help of devices like the flying shuttle, broad pieces of cloth could be woven at great speed.

Choose the best answer : 

text

doubtless	precise	role	automating
probably	accuracy	principles	slower
possible	easily	foundation.	faster
possibility	accurate	criteria	existing

Model Answers with Explanation :

1- probably: ✅ 

The word "probably" is the best fit for the blank space in the sentence because it conveys a degree of uncertainty that is appropriate for discussing historical events or conditions where there is no absolute evidence or record.

* "Doubtless"مما لا شك فيه implies a certainty that may not be appropriate in this context, as it's hard to be absolutely certain about the specifics of early technology.

* "Possible" and "possibility" are grammatically incorrect in this context. The sentence requires an adverb to modify the verb "consisted," and both "possible" and "possibility" are not adverbs. They don't convey the same sense of likelihood or probability that "probably" does.

So, the sentence should read: "The earliest weaving machines probably ✅ consisted of little more than a pair of sticks that held a set of parallel threads, called the warp, while the cross-thread, called the weft, was inserted." 

* The word "probably" is used in this context to suggest an assumption based on known facts or logical inference,.. 

2- easily : ✅ 

The blank space must be filled with "easily" because the sentence is describing how the process of weaving evolved to become simpler or more efficient. "Easily" is an adverb that fits properly in modifying the verb "inserted" to suggest that the action could be performed with less difficulty.

* The blank space in the sentence needs to be filled with an adverb that describes how the action (the insertion of the weft) is performed. "Easily" is an adverb and fits this requirement, indicating that the action is done with ease.

* The words "precise", "accuracy", "accurate" would not be appropriate in this context because they are not adverbs and do not describe the ease or simplicity of the process.

On the other hand, "precise", "accuracy", and "accurate" are not adverbs and do not fit grammatically in this context. "Precise" is an adjective, and "accuracy" is a noun. "Accurate" is also an adjective. Adjectives and nouns cannot be used to modify verbs, which is what is needed in this sentence. Therefore, "easily" is the correct choice.

3- principles : مبادئ ✅ 

* The term "basic principles" fits best in the context here because it refers to the underlying methods or concepts behind the processes of spinning and weaving.

* The word "role" is not appropriate because it has connotations دلالات of a job or function and does not clearly express the fundamental concepts of these processes.

* The term "foundation" could potentially be used, but it would give the sense of a starting point or basis rather than the guiding concepts that underpin these processes.

* "Criteria" does not fit in this context as it refers to a standard or rule for judgment or evaluation, which is not the meaning that this sentence requires.

* Therefore, "principles" is the most suitable out of the given options.

4- automating : جعله بشكل اوتوماتيكي ✅

The blank space needs to be filled with "automating" because in the context of the Industrial Revolution, this was a period of significant technological advancement and mechanization.

*  The word "automating" refers to this process of machines being used to carry out tasks that were previously done manually.

* The words "slower,” "faster,” and "existing" do not appropriately convey this significant change in the processes of spinning and weaving introduced during the Industrial Revolution.

الترجمه الكامله للقطعه

Transcript:

About

10,000

years

ago,

people

learned

how

to

make

cloth.

منذ حوالي 10.000 سنة، تعلم الناس كيفية صناعة القماش.

Wool,

cotton,

flax,

or

hemp

was

first

spun

into

a

thin

thread

using

a

spindle.

تم غزل الصوف أو القطن أو الكتان أو القنب لأول مرة في خيط رفيع باستخدام المغزل.

The

thread

was

then

woven

into

a

fabric.

ثم تم نسج الخيط في القماش.

The

earliest

weaving

machines

probably

consisted

of

little

more

than

a

pair

of

sticks

that

held

a

set

of

parallel

threads,

called

the

warp,

while

the

cross-thread,

called

the

weft,

was

inserted.

من المحتمل أن أقدم آلات النسيج كانت تتكون من ما يزيد قليلاً عن زوج من العصي التي تحمل مجموعة من الخيوط المتوازية، تسمى السداة، في حين تم إدخال الخيط المتقاطع، الذي يسمى اللحمة.

Later

machines

called

looms

had

rods

that

separated

the

threads

to

allow

the

weft

to

be

inserted

more

easily

.

وكانت الآلات اللاحقة التي تسمى الأنوال تحتوي على قضبان تفصل الخيوط للسماح بإدخال اللحمة بسهولة أكبر.

A

piece

of

wood,

called

the

shuttle,

holding

a

spool

of

thread,

was

passed

between

the

separated

threads.

تم تمرير قطعة من الخشب، تسمى المكوك، تحمل بكرة من الخيط، بين الخيوط المنفصلة.

The

basic

principles

of

spinning

and

weaving

have

stayed

the

same

until

the

present

day,

though

during

the

industrial

revolution

of

the

18th

century

many

ways

were

found

of

automating

the

processes.

ظلت المبادئ الأساسية للغزل والنسيج كما هي حتى يومنا هذا، على الرغم من اكتشاف العديد من الطرق لأتمتة العمليات خلال الثورة الصناعية في القرن الثامن عشر.

With

new

machines

such

as

the

spinning

mule,

many

threads

could

be

spun

at

the

same

time,

and,

with

the

help

of

devices

like

the

flying

shuttle,

broad

pieces

of

cloth

could

be

woven

at

great

speed.

وباستخدام آلات جديدة مثل بغل الغزل، أصبح من الممكن غزل العديد من الخيوط في نفس الوقت، وبمساعدة أجهزة مثل المكوك الطائر، أمكن نسج قطع واسعة من القماش بسرعة كبيرة.

GrowSkills Official Pearson PTE Test Registration Centre -No.23567 UKLTD +2 011 574 88 111 

www.facebook.com/GrowSkills – www.facebook.com/groups/Engleze info@growskills.net – www.GrowSkills.co.uk  – www.GrowSkills.net – www.GrowSkills.org
www.PTESkills.net - wa.me/201157488111