7- Southern Cone - PTE - Reading - Fill in the blanks ( Drop menu ) - GrowSkills - PTESkills.net
7- Southern Cone Text
In the southern cone especially, from Venezuela to Argentina, the region is rising to overthrow the legacy of external domination of the past centuries and the cruel and destructive social forms that they have helped to establish. The________of imperial control — violence and economic warfare, hardly a distant memory in Latin America — are losing their effectiveness, a sign of the shift toward independence. Washington is now compelled to tolerate governments that in the past would have drawn intervention or reprisal. Throughout the region a vibrant ___________of popular movements provides the basis for a meaningful democracy. The indigenous populations, as if in a rediscovery of their pre-Columbian legacy, are much more active and influential, particularly in Bolivia and Ecuador. These developments are in part the result of a phenomenon that has been observed for some years in Latin America: As the elected governments become more formally democratic, citizens __________ an increasing disillusionment with democratic institutions. They have sought to construct democratic systems based on popular participation rather than elite and foreign __________.
Choose the best answer :
merchants
metabolism
mechanisms.
machinery | sequence
flow
array
direction |
extent
export
express
expose |
detection
domination
illustration
determination |
Model Answers with Explanation :
1- mechanisms : آليات ✅
The sentence speaks indirectly of methods or processes by which imperial control was exerted, وفرضت السيطرة الإمبراطورية،this is best conveyed by the term "mechanisms".
* "Merchants" are people engaged in trade,
* while "metabolism" refers to chemical processes in living organisms. Neither fits in this context.
* "Machinery" could theoretically work, but it usually refers to physical machines or a group of interrelated parts/components, and less often to abstract processes of control or influence.
* "Mechanisms" is most logically and contextually accurate. ✅
2- array : مجموعة مصفوفة ✅
The blank space must be filled with "array" because this term refers to a wide variety or assortment, implying diversity. "Array of popular movements" suggests the presence of various, distinct movements.
* The terms "sequence" and "flow" refer to ordered or continuous events, which doesn't necessarily convey the diversity implied by the context.
* "Direction" usually refers to a particular path or course of action, which also doesn't fit the context about diverse popular movements.
3- express يعبر : ✅
* The blank space in the sentence must be filled with "express" because it is the only verb among the options that fits the context and makes sense grammatically and semantically.
The blank space needs to be filled with "express" in the given sentence because it is talking about the individuals and their gradually growing discontent with democratic institutions. Out of the options provided, "express" is the only verb which means 'to show or make known one's feelings or thoughts'. This makes sense since it properly conveys the idea that citizens demonstrate or give voice to an increasing disillusionment with institutions.
* The words "extent", "export", and "expose" do not fit into this context as they do not make the sentence meaningful or logical as "express" does.
4- domination : هيمنة ✅
The sentence is discussing the construction of democratic systems. The context suggests a contrast between "popular participation" and another form of control or influence. The word "domination" fits this context because it refers to control or power exerted by one group over another, in this case, the "elite and foreign" entities.
* "Detection" doesn't fit because it refers to the act of discovering or identifying something, which doesn't make sense in this context.
* "Illustration" refers to a visual explanation or example of something, which also doesn't fit.
* "Determination" refers to the process of establishing something exactly, typically by calculation or research, which doesn't convey the idea of control or influence that's needed in this context.
Therefore, "domination" is the most appropriate word to fill in the blank.
الترجمه الكامله للقطعه
In
the
southern
cone
especially,
from
Venezuela
to
Argentina,
the
region
is
rising
to
overthrow
the
legacy
of
external
domination
of
the
past
centuries
and
the
cruel
and
destructive
social
forms
that
they
have
helped
to
establish.
وفي المخروط الجنوبي بشكل خاص، من فنزويلا إلى الأرجنتين، تنهض المنطقة للإطاحة بإرث الهيمنة الخارجية على مدى القرون الماضية والأشكال الاجتماعية القاسية والمدمرة التي ساعدت في ترسيخها.
The
mechanisms
of
imperial
control
—
violence
and
economic
warfare,
hardly
a
distant
memory
in
Latin
America
—
are
losing
their
effectiveness,
a
sign
of
the
shift
toward
independence.
إن آليات السيطرة الإمبريالية - العنف والحرب الاقتصادية، التي لا تعد ذكرى بعيدة في أمريكا اللاتينية - بدأت تفقد فعاليتها، وهي علامة على التحول نحو الاستقلال.
Washington
is
now
compelled
to
tolerate
governments
that
in
the
past
would
have
drawn
intervention
or
reprisal.
إن واشنطن مضطرة الآن إلى التسامح مع الحكومات التي كانت في الماضي تستدعي التدخل أو الانتقام.
Throughout
the
region
a
vibrant
array
of
popular
movements
provides
the
basis
for
a
meaningful
democracy.
توفر مجموعة نابضة بالحياة من الحركات الشعبية في جميع أنحاء المنطقة الأساس لديمقراطية ذات معنى.
The
indigenous
populations,
as
if
in
a
rediscovery
of
their
pre-Columbian
legacy,
are
much
more
active
and
influential,
particularly
in
Bolivia
and
Ecuador.
أما السكان الأصليون، وكأنهم في مرحلة إعادة اكتشاف تراث ما قبل كولومبوس، فقد أصبحوا أكثر نشاطاً وتأثيراً، وخاصة في بوليفيا والإكوادور.
These
developments
are
in
part
the
result
of
a
phenomenon
that
has
been
observed
for
some
years
in
Latin
America:
As
the
elected
governments
become
more
formally
democratic,
citizens
express
an
increasing
disillusionment
with
democratic
institutions.
تعود هذه التطورات جزئياً إلى ظاهرة لوحظت منذ عدة سنوات في أميركا اللاتينية: فمع تحول الحكومات المنتخبة إلى ديمقراطية أكثر شكلياً، أعرب المواطنون عن خيبة أمل متزايدة إزاء المؤسسات الديمقراطية.
They
have
sought
to
construct
democratic
systems
based
on
popular
participation
rather
than
elite
and
foreign
domination
.
لقد سعوا إلى بناء أنظمة ديمقراطية تقوم على المشاركة الشعبية بدلا من النخبة والهيمنة الأجنبية.
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